Law List

	Those charged with crimes are often sick with worry on the way to court, and shouldn't be burdened with the forced conversations and interviews with the press we television viewers often witness.  A law is needed to prohibit contact with the press on the way to and from arraignments and many types of hearings.  Arraignments are designed to occur speedily.  They are spur of the moment for defendants, lawyers, supporters, and occasionally other concerned people, and that is a stressful condition.  Actual trials are planned and controlled by a judge.
	Labor unions need to be legally restricted from publicly endorsing candidates, or even speaking about them, outside of their dealings in negotiations. They should be free to speak negatively about negotiations and anyone involved, but purporting to speak for their members when endorsing a candidate, is a farce.   I was recently informed that Federal law allows for employees under union contract to inform the union they will only pay the initiation and negotiation fees, and forego membership.   The burdon should be on the other side. For example, they would be free to say: "Senator John Doe has consistently opposed our offers for a contract agreement this year. His record during his term has been to consistently vote against our offers." However, they would be fined for saying: "Senator Jane Doe is the right candidate for the ratification of our new contract. She'll get the job done." Even saying: "This candidate is better for the nation." should be illegal because unions shouldn't be the ones to represent politics over corporation. Perhaps a worker wants to sacrifice their personal raise for a more important reason in an election.   The decision on who to vote for is much too individual in nature to allow a union determine a position.   This proposed change takes pressure off the work environment.
	I've seen the elderly agonizing in pain, to stay out of nursing homes, after broken hips, and barely mobile legs.  It's valiant, and practical, and they are in a sense, heroes.  The payments they are making late into their life for debts thay may have inherited, or blundered into earlier, are keeping them from creating a nest egg for their later lives in nursing homes.   It seems they've ended up in public housing impoverished, and are still tracked by collection agencies (bill collectors).  The payments they are making very early in their arrival are a proper duty and responsibility, even if imposed involuntarily.  However, to pursue those payments into their late senior years is immoral.  As a society we must acknowledge their diminished capacity, and oppressive responsibility to prepare for nursing homes.  I propose a law that requires all creditors to forgive the defaulted debts for those accepted to public housing at age 75.
	The camera started as an innovative, cumbersome snap-shot tool, and the original laws of leeway in public were understandable.  Restricting photographers to a snapshot of time (many shots with a modern camera or video recorder) with the requirement they leave the area after would ensure safety and decorum.  Anyone selling more than one picture of someone uninvited would be convicted.  Any of those blending into the atmosphere afterwards, as if they weren't in a planned, for-profit, latently boisterous activity, would be cited.  The televised press could be included.  The imposition of restrictions in their broadcasts may help cloistered celebrity victims.  Exceptions could be made in cases of public events, an obvious crime occurring, or traffic accidents.
	The U.S. Department of Agriculture used to issue paper food stamps with dollar amounts printed on them.  Recipients could use the change for vital things, because to ask them to track the change was impossible.  I used the change for laundry, and an occasional important pay-phone call, and never needed to collect other public aid.  The poor and homeless need a small stipend of monthly cash to give them a more dignified life.
	The U.S. Department of Education holds the defaulted loans of disabled citizens, and requires a designation of  'total and permanent disability'  in order to discharge them.  The Social Security Administration, in determining disability, may decide the recipient has been limited for ten years previous to their application, but the Dept of Ed has been legislated to disregard that assessment.  The delinquent borrower isn't told about the best option of possible consolidation when confronted.   They don't consider any disabled time, or limited working hours before transfering the defaulted loans to collection agencies, and assessing extra fees.   Meanwhile, someone sick or injured, working even one hour a week, is held in full responsibility.  The cut off for exemption should be more reasonable, like over 20 hours per week while disabled by any standard.
	There is no such thing as "100% Americanism."  Serving in the U.S. Military during war time doesn't magically make an Americanism appear.  The American Legion's preamble needs to be amended to create a sound basis for representing our country with a Congressional mandate.  The idea that military service can disconnect someone from the influences of a globe we need to be responsible for is insulting, and does not represent G-d as they claim.  It represents a damaging elitism.
	Our nation's forefathers read the Bible.  The texture of life has changed, and it would be illogical to return it as the goal to all potentially literate citizens, but an introductory course on the five major religions could be introduced into the nation's high schools.  It appears to me that these inspirations could be taught, and not intrude into government's separation we all know so well from the nation's Constitution.  Passing 'no law in respect to religion' has been used to conversely support faith among the states, with an unfair bias.  Here's a fast sketch on how present the subject: Buddhism: Meditation in front of a special statue, offerings, based on a former Emperor in China, celibate monks, a lunar calendar Christianity: A unique son of G-d, holidays set on the calendar by Old Testament concepts with exceptions, divided into Protestants and Catholics, a virgin Mary concept, selectively following parts of the Old Testament Hinduism: Based in India, a caste system and death rituals based on them, temples with priests that resemble Old Testament descriptions, earlier roots than other religions, women with marked foreheads Islam: Follows Mohammed, a Koran that speaks positively toward other religions by name, a unique lunar calendar doesn't correct for seasons, divided into Shiites and Sunni, descendants of Abraham, pilgrimage to Mecca, prayer known for kneeling and bowing. Judaism: Follows Moses, a Torah unchanged since establishment, letters with numbers and stories, a lunar calendar, extremes of Ultra-orthodox and Reformists, first to carry the unflattering language of the Old Testament masked by positive thinking.
	Political posters have crept closer and closer to my face as I go to the voting station entrance to cast my nearly blank ballot.  All supporters should be prohibited from all adjoining and adjacent sidewalks to those stations during the voting hours.  I'm talking about all the way around the block.
	Legislation should be created to require mandatory firings of U.S. Intellignece Agents involved with every mistaken U.S. war, and layoffs after peace treaties.   Mistaken U.S. wars include everything after 1987.
	Outdoor Christmas lights should be made illegal.  Much like smoking, they are a destructive addiction.  Our future needs us to stop such excesses with legislation prohibiting municipalities, businesses, and limiting private residences.  Lights that shine outside from inside windows are a more suitable custom.  In a country dedicated to a 'no law in respect to religion,' present funding of those lights is two-faced.

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Veteran's Hospitals

The solution to the health care crisis is to abrogate the VA hospital system. The military has it's own hospitals for injuries in battle and during duty, but after, our veterans need to start using civilian care, and the caste system of medicine must stop.

If my recollection of the history of the V.A. Hospital system is correct, the focused accommodation for fighters began incrementally before the Civil War, and during the tragedy accelerated.   They could plan for common aftercare for typical soldiering injuries somewhat different from the usual citizen's troubles.  There is no longer a need to try and concentrate medicine the way it was done then.

Our soldiers need support, and that should include medical coverage for life, if their healing is incomplete.  Yet our civilian health care doesn't cover the needy, and money can be redirected there.  

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Equal Coverage (X)s Any (for many candidates).

I haven't reviewed the laws carefully, but as a Journalism Major at UMass with a concentration in Communications, I learned that coverage of the candidates in an election must comply with 'Equal Time' under Federal Communication Commission (FCC) regulations.  I'm thinking back over twenty years ago, but I feel any presidential candidate on 51% of the state's ballots should be entitled to that equal time guarantee.

With more than two candidates qualifying, the press would be faced with three choices. One would be to cover each candidate less, and overall keep the same amount of coverage.   Each candidate might become more responsible for reaching the public by themselves, out of their own pockets, through advertising, or any other public attention.

A second would be to drop overall coverage, to avoid covering politicians they don't believe in, but media is so prolific that I don't feel the education of the citizenry would fall.   Also, much of the local press news stories are so trivial, the lack of depth wouldn't be noticed.

The third would be to add time to their overall allotment to the elections.

In any scenario, the public would benefit, either directly or indirectly.

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Defaulted Nation

Before the United States will receive any worldly blessings, they will have to accept the late Ayatollah Khomeini of Iran, as a minor hidden saint of the Old Testament.    This is in Chapter 10 of Daniel, which names a "Prince of Persia."

The Ayatollah was an old-fashioned religious man, whom overcame enormous obstacles, and did some positive things.    He faced imperialist overtures when he arrived, at the insistence of the masses.  He established (or with his followers) an innovative, electing constitution, with only one error of note (see "Iran").  As an Israeli, I appreciate the message he sent, in assigning a seat of his national Assembly to a Jew, and other recognized minorities.    He was advancing the traditional respect of his country, but his masses must have felt the need for Judaism to end its search to rebuild a temple where the Dome of the Rock now stands.  I would guess most Jews reject the call to rebuild there, but the prayers still reflect that desire.   This was one of the pressures that caused many Iranian Jews to flee or leave Iran.    I feel terrible that innocent people were threatened, but in some ways they were feeling the pain for a better Israel.  Iran was a group suppressed in their expression by many factors.   A change is needed to remove an outdated concept in my religion.   My mission to do just that is here.


During the Hostage Crisis, after the U.S. Embassy had been raided in 1979, President Carter got bad advice, or made poor decisions.  He needed to apologize, for the culturally incompatible support of the Shah, and an end would've followed quickly.

I told the U.S. Senate in 1987, about the overlooked identity of the Ayatollah.    Instead, they ignored my next step, to prohibit them from further warfare.    I needed to get the U.S. public information about the warning to America.   That prophecy, read in the newspapers, by probably thousands of foreign exchange students, was rejected by our government.    They defied an ultimatum from G-d, and retook Kuwait (taken by Iraq, probably for the more equal distribution of wealth in the Middle East).

My recognition would have prevented war and terrorism.    Amazingly, the Al-Queda's destruction of the World Trade Center Towers, was warned about in scripture, although this time outlined in the New Testament.

The Book of Revelations describes "the number of the beast, for it is a human number, its number is six hundred and sixty six."    Jewish Prophetic interpretation will reveal a divergent future, to peace, or the 9/11 destruction we suffered.    This is because four Hebrew letters, that equal 666, sound out `towers;' taf, vav(o,oo), raish, and samech (400+6+200 +60).    As a Jew, I reject Christianity's New Testament, but understand my prophecy addresses their solicitation.

The peaceful outcome would derive from religious Judaism's belief in a healing by dragons at the time of Moses, and positive and negative commandments.  The smallest set of the positive's letter equivalents are raish, mem, and hess.    By manipulating them into a figure a beast is formed.    The hess is the legs in profile, the mem is the broad body, and the raish forms the long neck, although there is no real head, per se.

The mention of "Prince of Persia" from Daniel, occurs in association with "...Michael your Prince," and is further shown to occur in the "end of days."

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Warning to the U.S.

The idea of an official 'warning,' routed from the Alm-ghty G-d to a Prophet, and then to the public, is a first read scriptural concept!

"G-d wanted war with America, because it was a new land, that promised freedom, and began to turn from that promise.   And the L-rd was wroth. And time was waning for the world, and they persecuted H-s prophet Michael (to be Jeshurun).   And the L-rd was wroth.   And hope for peace was shattered.   And the L-rd was wroth.   For he was persecuted, and plagued by spies.   And the L-rd was angry."

I issued that warning in 1987, both publicly, and to the United States Senate.   I followed immediately, by writing the press.   I began public distribution.   I told them, "And G-d issued a warning, "Have no more war.'

That warning was rejected.

At that time, I quoted Chapter 12, of the Book of Daniel, and explained I'd been predicted by that major prophet.    For those that cared, or care to investigate my identification further, Chapter 10, verse 14, identifies my description's period as "the End of Days."   These are actually years, as defined by Hebrew teachings.   Later in the paragraph is the quote, "…Michael, one of the chief princes…"   The connectable mentions of "prince" are a comparison to the "sons of G-d" from the Book of Genesis.

I believe I stand for modern thinking, in areas such as: decriminalization, nuclear energy, subsidized health, and universal opposition to the Democrats and Republicans.

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Iran

Unfortunately, Iran has a glaring error in their otherwise very commendable constitution.  The first chapter, General Principles, Article 10, states, "Since the family is the fundamental unit of Islamic society, all laws, regulations, and pertinent programs must tend to facilitate the formation of a family, and to safeguard its sanctity and the stability of family relations on the basis of the law and the ethics of Islam."

They do, however, make clear in typical political style later, that they are only talking to themselves, and about themselves.  Overall, the brief added passages don't detract from the final picture.

The word "family" must be replaced with the word "culture."  They've prejudiced judgment and liberty against the solitary, whom can be among the strongest and most successful in a society.  They might include clergy, doctors, politicians, researchers and scientists.  Potentially, they can dedicate themselves more than a family member, and inspire greater innovation.  

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Preambles of the State Constitutions (as found on the internet)

By Michael Ateek

(One state has no preamble.)

Alabama - We, the people of the State of Alabama, in order to establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, invoking the favor and guidance of Alm-ghty G-d, do ordain and establish the following Constitution and form of government for the State of Alabama.

Alaska - We the people of Alaska, grateful to G-d and to those who founded our nation and pioneered this great land, in order to secure and transmit to succeeding generations our heritage of political, civil, and religious liberty within the Union of States, do ordain and establish this constitution for the State of Alaska.

Arizona - We, the people of the State of Arizona, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for our liberties, do ordain this Constitution.

Arkansas - We, the people of the State of Arkansas, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for the privilege of choosing our own form of government, for our civil and religious liberty, and desiring to perpetuate its blessings and secure the same to our selves and posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution.

California - We, the people of California, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for our freedom, in order to secure its blessings, do establish this Constitution.

Colorado - We, the people of Colorado, with profound reverence for the Supreme Ruler of the Universe, in order to form a more independent and perfect government; establish justice; insure tranquility; provide for the common defense; promote the general welfare and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this constitution for the "State of Colorado".

Connecticut - The People of Connecticut acknowledging with gratitude, the good providence of G-d, in having permitted them to enjoy a free government; do, in order more effectually to define, secure, and perpetuate the liberties, rights and privileges which they have derived from their ancestors; hereby, after a careful consideration and revision, ordain and establish the following constitution and form of civil government.

Delaware - Through Divine goodness, all men have by nature the rights of worshiping and serving their Creator according to the dictates of their consciences, of enjoying and defending life and liberty, of acquiring and protecting reputation and property, and in general of obtaining objects suitable to their condition, without injury by one to another; and as these rights are essential to their welfare, for due exercise thereof, power is inherent in them; and therefore all just authority in the institutions of political society is derived from the people, and established with their consent, to advance their happiness; and they may for this end, as circumstances require, from time to time, alter their Constitution of government.

Florida - We, the people of the State of Florida, being grateful to Alm-ghty G-d, for our constitutional liberty, in order to secure its benefits, perfect our government, insure domestic tranquility, maintain public order, and guarantee equal civil and political rights to all, do ordain and establish this constitution.

Georgia - To perpetuate the principles of free government, insure justice to all, preserve peace, promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and of the family, and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty, we the people of Georgia, relying upon the protection and guidance of Alm-ghty G-d, do ordain and establish this Constitution.

Hawaii – We, the people of Hawaii, grateful for Divine Guidance, and mindful of our Hawaiian heritage and uniqueness as an island State, dedicate our efforts to fulfill the philosophy decreed by the Hawaii State motto, "Ua mau ke ea o ka aina i ka pono."    We reserve the right to control our destiny, to nurture the integrity of our people and culture, and to preserve the quality of life that we desire.    We reaffirm our belief in a government of the people, by the people and for the people, and with an understanding and compassionate heart toward all the peoples of the earth, do hereby ordain and establish this constitution for the State of Hawaii.

Idaho - We, the people of the state of Idaho, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for our freedom, to secure its blessings and promote our common welfare do establish this Constitution.

Illinois - We, the People of the State of Illinois - grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for the civil, political and religious liberty which H- has permitted us to enjoy and seeking H-s blessing upon our endeavors - in order to provide for the health, safety and welfare of the people; maintain a representative and orderly government; eliminate poverty and inequality; assure legal, social and economic justice; provide opportunity for the fullest development of the individual; insure domestic tranquility; provide for the common defense; and secure the blessings of freedom and liberty to ourselves and our posterity - do ordain and establish this Constitution for the State of Illinois.

Indiana - TO THE END, that justice be established, public order maintained, and liberty perpetuated; WE, the People of the State of Indiana, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for the free exercise of the right to choose our own form of government, do ordain this Constitution.

Iowa - WE, THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF IOWA, grateful to the Supreme Being for the blessings hitherto enjoyed, and feeling our dependence on H-m for a continuance of those blessings, do ordain and establish a free and independent government, by the name of the STATE OF IOWA, the boundaries whereof shall be as follows:

Kansas - We, the people of Kansas, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for our civil and religious privileges, in order to insure the full enjoyment of our rights as American citizens, do ordain and establish this constitution of the state of Kansas, with the following boundaries, to wit: Beginning at a point on the western boundary of the state of Missouri,…

Kentucky - We, the people of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for the civil, political and religious liberties we enjoy, and invoking the continuance of these blessings, do ordain and establish this Constitution.

Louisiana - We, the people of Louisiana, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for the civil, political, economic, and religious liberties we enjoy, and desiring to protect individual rights to life, liberty, and property; afford opportunity for the fullest development of the individual; assure equality of rights; promote the health, safety, education, and welfare of the people; maintain a representative and orderly government; ensure domestic tranquility; provide for the common defense; and secure the blessings of freedom and justice to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this constitution.

Maine - We the people of Maine, in order to establish justice, insure tranquility, provide for our mutual defense, promote our common welfare, and secure to ourselves and our posterity the blessings of liberty, acknowledging with grateful hearts the goodness of the Sovereign Ruler of the Universe in affording us an opportunity, so favorable to the design; and, imploring G-d's aid and direction in its accomplishment, do agree to form ourselves into a free and independent State, by the style and title of the State of Maine and do ordain and establish the following Constitution for the government of the same.

Maryland - We the people of the State of Maryland, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for our civil and religious liberty, and taking into our serious consideration the best means of establishing a good Constitution in this State for the sure foundation and more permanent security thereof, declare:

Massachusetts – The end of the institution, maintenance, and administration of government, is to secure the existence of the body politic, to protect it, and to furnish the individuals who compose it with the power of enjoying in safety and tranquillity their natural rights, and the blessings of life: and whenever these great objects are not obtained, the people have a right to alter the government, and to take measures necessary for their safety, prosperity and happiness.

The body politic is formed by a voluntary association of individuals: it is a social compact, by which the whole people covenants with each citizen, and each citizen with the whole people, that all shall be governed by certain laws for the common good.   It is the duty of the people, therefore, in framing a constitution of government, to provide for an equitable mode of making laws, as well as for an impartial interpretation, and a faithful execution of them; that every man may, at all times, find his security in them.

We, therefore, the people of Massachusetts, acknowledging, with grateful hearts, the goodness of the great Legislator of the universe, in affording us, in the course of His providence, an opportunity, deliberately and peaceably, without fraud, violence or surprise, of entering into an original, explicit, and solemn compact with each other; and of forming a new constitution of civil government, for ourselves and posterity; and devoutly imploring His direction in so interesting a design, do agree upon, ordain and establish the following Declaration of Rights, and Frame of Government, as the Constitution of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

Michigan - We, the people of the State of Michigan, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for the blessings of freedom, and earnestly desiring to secure these blessings undiminished to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this constitution.

Minnesota - We, the people of the state of Minnesota, grateful to G-d for our civil and religious liberty, and desiring to perpetuate its blessings and secure the same to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution

Mississippi - We, the people of Mississippi in convention assembled, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d, and involving his blessing on our work, do ordain and establish this Constitution.

Missouri - We the people of Missouri, with profound reverence for the Supreme Ruler of the Universe, and grateful for H-s goodness, do establish this constitution for the better government of the state.

Montana - We the people of Montana grateful to G-d for the quiet beauty of our state, the grandeur of our mountains, the vastness of our rolling plains, and desiring to improve the quality of life, equality of opportunity and to secure the blessings of liberty for this and future generations do ordain and establish this constitution.

Nebraska - We, the people, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for our freedom, do ordain and establish the following declaration of rights and frame of government, as the Constitution of the State of Nebraska.

Nevada - We the people of the State of Nevada Grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for our freedom in order to secure its blessings, insure domestic tranquility, and form a more perfect Government, do establish this Constitution.

New Hampshire – Revolutionary Secession

New Jersey - We, the people of the State of New Jersey, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for the civil and religious liberty which He hath so long permitted us to enjoy, and looking to Him for a blessing upon our endeavors to secure and transmit the same unimpaired to succeeding generations, do ordain and establish this Constitution.

New Mexico – We, the people of New Mexico, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for the blessings of liberty, in order to secure the advantages of a state government, do ordain and establish this Constitution.

New York - We The People of the State of New York, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for our Freedom, in order to secure its blessings, DO ESTABLISH THIS CONSTITUTION.

North Carolina - We, the people of the State of North Carolina, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d, the Sovereign Ruler of Nations, for the preservation of the American Union and the existence of our civil, political and religious liberties, and acknowledging our dependence upon H-m for the continuance of those blessings to us and our posterity, do, for the more certain security thereof and for the better government of this State, ordain and establish this Constitution.

North Dakota - We, the people of North Dakota, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for the blessings of civil and religious liberty, do ordain and establish this constitution.

Ohio - We, the people of the State of Ohio, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for our freedom, to secure its blessings and promote our common welfare, do establish this Constitution.

Oklahoma – Invoking the guidance of Alm-ghty G-d, in order to secure and perpetuate the blessing of liberty; to secure just and rightful government; to promote our mutual welfare and happiness, we, the people of the State of Oklahoma, do ordain and establish this Constitution.

Oregon - We the people of the State of Oregon to the end that Justice be established, order maintained, and liberty perpetuated, do ordain this Constitution.

Pennsylvania - We, the people of the commonwealth of Pennsylvania, ordain and establish this constitution for its government.

Rhode Island - We, the people of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for the civil and religious liberty which He hath so long permitted us to enjoy, and looking to Him for a blessing upon our endeavors to secure and to transmit the same, unimpaired, to succeeding generations, do ordain and establish this Constitution of government.

South Carolina - We, the people of the State of South Carolina, in Convention assembled, grateful to G-d for our liberties, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the preservation and perpetuation of the same.

South Dakota – We, the people of South Dakota, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for our civil and religious liberties, in order to form a more perfect and independent government, establish justice, insure tranquillity, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare and preserve to ourselves and to our posterity the blessings of liberty, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the state of South Dakota.

Tennessee – 1796: We the People of the territory of the United States south of the river Ohio, having the right of admission into the General Government as a member State thereof, consistent with the Constitution of the United States and the act of cession of the State of North Carolina, recognizing the ordinance for the government of the territory of the United States northwest of the river Ohio, do ordain and establish the following constitution or form of government, and do mutually agree with each other to form ourselves into a free and independent State by the name of the State of Tennessee.

1870:WHEREAS…, WHEREAS…, WHEREAS, The General Assembly of said State of Tennessee, under and in virtue of the first section of the first article of the Declaration of Rights, contained in and forming a part of the existing Constitution of the State, by an act passed on the fifteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine, did provide for the calling of a Convention by the people of the State, to meet at Nashville, on the second Monday in January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventy, and for the election of delegates for the purpose of amending or revising the present Constitution, or forming and making a new Constitution; and, WHEREAS…, WE,…

Texas – 1836:We, the people of Texas, in order to form a government, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defence and general welfare, and to secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this constitution.

1969:Humbly invoking the blessings of Almighty G-d, the people of the State of Texas do ordain and establish this Constitution.

Utah - Grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for life and liberty, we, the people of Utah, in order to secure and perpetuate the principles of free government, do ordain and establish this CONSTITUTION.

Vermont - 1777:Whereas, all government ought to be instituted and supported for the security and protection of the community as such and to enable the individuals who compose it, to enjoy their natural rights, and the other blessings which the Author of existence has bestowed upon man; and whenever those great ends of government are not obtained, the people have a right,

We the representatives of the freemen of Vermont, in General Convention met, for the express purpose of forming such a government, confessing the goodness of the Great Governor of the Universe (who alone, knows to what degree of earthly happiness, mankind may attain, by perfecting the arts of government), in permitting the people of this State, by common consent, and without violence, deliberately to form for themselves, such just rules as they shall think best for governing their future society; and being fully convinced that it is our indispensable duty, to establish such original principles of government, as will best promote the general happiness of the people of this State, and their posterity, and provide for future improvements, without partiality for, or prejudice against, any particular class, sect, or denomination of men whatever: Do, by virtue of authority vested in us, by our constitutents, ordain, declare, and establish, the following declaration of rights, and frame of government, to be the Constitution of this Commonwealth

Virginia - [29 June 1776] By which several acts of misrule, the government of this country, as formerly exercised under the crown of Great Britain, is TOTALLY DISSOLVED.

We therefore, the delegates and representatives of the good people of VIRGINIA, having maturely considered the premises, and viewing with great concern the deplorable condition to which this once happy country must be reduced, unless some regular adequate mode of civil polity is speedily adopted, and in compliance with a recommendation of the General Congress, do ordain and declare the future form of Government of Virginia to be as followeth:

Adopted June 29, 1776: Thomas Jefferson. WHEREAS George the third, king of Great Britain and Ireland, and elector of Hanover, heretofore intrusted with the exercise of the kingly office in this government, hath endeavoured to pervert the same into a detestable and insupportable tyranny, By putting his negative on laws the most wholesome and necessary for the publick good: By denying his governours permission to pass laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation for his assent, and, when so suspended, neglecting to attend to them for many years:

… By keeping among us, in times of peace, standing armies and ships of war: By affecting to render the military independent of, and superiour to, the civil power:

… By which several acts of misrule, the government of this country, as formerly exercised under the crown of Great Britain, IS TOTALLY DISSOLVED.

Present: WE, the Delegates and Representatives of the good people of Virginia, do declare the future form of government of Virginia to be as followeth:

Washington - We, the people of the State of Washington, grateful to the Supreme Ruler of the Universe for our liberties, do ordain this constitution.

West Virginia – not found

Wisconsin - We, the people of Wisconsin, grateful to Alm-ghty G-d for our freedom, in order to secure its blessings, form a more perfect government, insure domestic tranquility and promote the general welfare, do establish this Constitution.

Wyoming - We, the people of the State of Wyoming, grateful to G-d for our civil, political and religious liberties, and desiring to secure them to ourselves and perpetuate them to our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution.


36 mentions of G-d, 30 with Alm-ghty, 6 by itself [Rhode Island mentions “…He…” also]

3 mentions of “Supreme Ruler of the Universe” (Colorado, Missouri [also “…H-s…”], Washington)

2 mentions of “…dependence on H-m…” (Iowa [also “…Supreme Being…”], North Carolina [now counted twice, also “…Sovereign Ruler of Nations…”])

2 mentions of “…Divine…” (Delaware as in goodness [also “…Creator…”], Hawaii as in guidance)

1 mention of “…Sovereign Ruler of the Universe…” (Maine)[also “…G-d’s…”]

1 state mentions L-rd in the date twice (Tennessee)

1 state mentions “great Legislator of the universe” (Massachusetts)

1 state (Vermont) mentions “…Author of existence…,” and “…Great Governor of the Universe…”

4 states found apparently without religious mentions (New Hampshire, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Virginia)

1 not found (West Virginia)

Note: some of the Preambles may be historic, or repealed, and no longer in use.






© U.S. 2008, Michael Ateek. Permission to copy for private, non-commercial, and educational purposes is granted on condition credit is given to the author.